| VEDECKÝ ČASOPIS O DEJINÁCH SLOVENSKA A
STREDNEJ EURÓPY
VYDÁVA HISTORICKÝ ÚSTAV SLOVENSKEJ AKADÉMIE VIED, V. V. I.
ISSN 0018-2575 (print)
ISSN 2585-9099 (online)
EV 3084/09
 Všetky obsahy sú čitateľom voľne dostupné podľa licencie Creative Commons CC BY 4.0.
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Scopus
CEEOL
CEJSH
EBSCO Historical Abstracts
ESF (HUM)
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VÝZVY
SZALMA, Štefan
Otroctvo, zmena lojality a konverzia: normy a prax
v Osmanskej ríši a v pohraničí Uhorska
Slavery, Change of Loyalty and Conversion: Norms and Practices in the Ottoman
Empire and Borderlands of the Kingdom of Hungary
Historický časopis, 2025, 73, 4, pp. 795-814, Bratislava.
Abstarct: The study examines the differences between established
practices, laws, and the unwritten rules that governed interactions in the
Ottoman-Hungarian borderlands. Particular attention is paid to the unwritten
norms accepted by both Ottoman and Hungarian military societies in the
borderland, as well as to the related laws in force in the Ottoman Empire and in
the Kingdom of Hungary. The basic research question concerns the extent to which
legal norms were enforced in practice and the degree of their transformation in
the Ottoman-Hungarian borderlands. The phenomena investigated include various
aspects of slavery, the Ottoman-Hungarian captive trade, political-power
collaboration, and religious conversion. The captive trade was governed by a set
of rules accepted on both sides of the border, with origins that can be traced
to Hungarian and Ottoman customs and legal regulations. In cases of defection (renegadism),
one can observe differences between the Hungarian leadership’s practical
approach to defecors and the legal provisions issued against them. Ottoman law
also responded flexibly to matters of conversion and the status of slaves, as
reflected in fatwas that often addressed highly specific situations; these
decisions of the muftis could subsequently serve as precedents for later cases.
The study is based on methodological literature, on documents recording border
customs of Ottoman-Hungarian provenance, and on fatwas – decisions issued by
Muslim religious and legal authorities.
Keywords: Slavery. Conversion. Fatwa. Captives. Customary law. Order of
border castles.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31577/histcaso.2025.73.4.7
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