HISTORICKÝ ČASOPIS

5/2024

VEDECKÝ ČASOPIS O DEJINÁCH SLOVENSKA A STREDNEJ EURÓPY
VEDECKÝ ČASOPIS O DEJINÁCH SLOVENSKA A STREDNEJ EURÓPY

VYDÁVA HISTORICKÝ ÚSTAV SLOVENSKEJ AKADÉMIE VIED, V. V. I.

ISSN 0018-2575 (print)

ISSN 2585-9099 (online)

EV 3084/09

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HLAVINKA, Ján
GOGA, Tomáš

Demographic and Spatial Analysis of the Labour Camp for Jews in Sereď (1941–1944): Unveiling Historical Insights through Data Science Techniques

Historický časopis, 2024, 72, 5, pp. 905-924, Bratislava

Abstract: The systematic persecution of the Jewish population organised by the ruling regime of the Hlinka Slovak People’s Party (Hlinkova slovenská ľudová strana, HSPP) on the territory of the Slovak Republic in 1939–1945, a satellite state of the Nazi Third Reich, included the forced labour deployment of Jews. The system of forced labour of Jews in the territory of Slovakia (1939–1945) gradually created three larger labour camps for Jews (Pracovný tábor Židov) in Nováky, Sereď and Vyhne. The study focuses on the Labour Camp for Jews in Sereď, which was, in terms of size, the second largest labour camp of its kind in Slovakia between September 1941 and the end of August 1944. The study aims to answer several partial questions concerning the demography of the prisoners of Sereď camp in the period from September 1941 to the end of August 1944, i.e. at the time when it was partially or fully functioning as a labour camp under complete control of the Slovak state authorities and the power structures of the HSPP regime. In this respect it aims to provide more information on the number of labour camp inmates of the Sereď camp in different periods, on some of their demographic characteristics (age structure of inmates and gender structure of inmates), as well as on several data not yet quantified by research (number of children born in the camp, number of deaths of inmates in the camp) based on specific previously unprocessed sources. Another aim of the study is to provide the results of a spatial analysis of the data on labour prisoners using a geographical information system (QGIS) to clarify a question, so far unanswered by research, about the geographical origin of the labour prisoners of the labour camp in Sereď, both in terms of the total number of prisoners and in the different periods of the existence of this camp. Both the demographic and spatial analysis presented in this study are based on data on the prisoners of the Sereď labour camp captured in a specific written source – the contemporary prisoners’ card catalogue, which consists of a total of 1404 paper cards. After the necessary data normalisation, prisoners’ data were transcribed into the dataset and subjected to data analysis using the Python programming language and data spatial analysis using the QGIS 3.38 software. The study is thus an attempt to apply digital humanities methods, which integrate computational tools and techniques with traditional humanities disciplines.

Keywords: Holocaust. Jews. Forced labour. Sereď. GIS. Spatial analysis. Data science. Digital humanities.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31577/histcaso.2024.72.5.3

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